博大考神201*年職稱英語(yǔ)考試經(jīng)驗(yàn)總結(jié)
博大考神201*年職稱英語(yǔ)考試經(jīng)驗(yàn)總結(jié)
收集:博大教育專家來(lái)源:-8660.html
關(guān)于、基礎(chǔ)、靠、著論
例:Thisafternoonwearegoingtolistentoareportontheinternationalsituation.今天下午我們要聽(tīng)關(guān)于國(guó)際形勢(shì)的報(bào)告。
ProfessorShenwillgiveusatalkontravellinginAmerica.申教授將給我們做關(guān)于美國(guó)之行的報(bào)告。
Youarewrongonalltheseissues.在這些問(wèn)題上你的看法都錯(cuò)了。Thebeliefisbasedonpracticalexperience.這種信念是以實(shí)際經(jīng)驗(yàn)為基礎(chǔ)的。
Theorymustbebasedonpractice.理論必須以實(shí)踐為基礎(chǔ)。Thepeopleinthesouthliveonrice.南方人主食大米。(靠)Thecitizensliveontheirsalaries.城市人靠薪金生活。
Youcan‘taffordluxuries,onanincomeof100yuanamonth.靠月薪100元的收入,你是買不起奢侈品的。
Herpetdogswerefedonthechoicestfood.她用精飼料喂養(yǎng)她心愛(ài)的狗。Heisjustascrounger,wholivesonotherpeople.他正是一個(gè)小偷,專靠損害別人過(guò)日子。
Keepthekettleontheboil(=boiling)。讓水壺的水一直開(kāi)著。Theenemyareontherun(=running)。敵人在逃跑。
on后接the加上一個(gè)作名詞的動(dòng)詞。其意義與現(xiàn)在分詞所表達(dá)的相近。類似例子很多如:
onthemarch在行軍中,onthemend在好轉(zhuǎn)中,ontheprowl徘徊,onthemove活動(dòng)中,onthescrounge巧取豪奪(埋語(yǔ)),onthego活躍,忙碌,onthelookout注意,警戒,onthewatch監(jiān)視著。onthehop趁不備抓住某人等等。onthePeople‘sDemocraticDictatorship《實(shí)踐論》和《矛盾論》onthePeople‘sDemocraticDictatorship《論人民民主專政》“onCoalitionGovernment”《論聯(lián)合政府》著、罷、出售、偷、公、假,故意、支付,相反、準(zhǔn)
注:口訣中的“著”是指著火,罷指罷工,偷指偷偷地,公指出差、辦公事;假指休假,準(zhǔn)指準(zhǔn)時(shí)。
例:Thehousenexttominewasonfire.我鄰居的房子著火了。Theworkersoftherailwaystationwereonstrike.鐵路工人罷工了。GrapesandbigwatermelonsfromSinkiangareonsaleonalargesale.新疆葡萄和西瓜大量上市了。名詞的格1、人稱代詞
英語(yǔ)中,人稱代詞有主格,賓格和所有格("的格")形式之分,而"的格"又有形容詞和名詞兩種形式,即:I,me,my(mine),/we,us,our(ours)/he,him,his(his)/she,her,her(hers)/they,them,their(theirs)/you,you,your(yours)/it,it,its(its)這里就不詳細(xì)講解了。記住一點(diǎn):形容詞"的格"永遠(yuǎn)不能單獨(dú)使用;名詞"的格"永遠(yuǎn)是單獨(dú)使用的。實(shí)例:
Comeifyouliketosee______painting.______verybeautiful.A.your/That"sB.her"s/It"sC.hers/That"sD.his/It"s
解題思路:根據(jù)形式和上述使用原則,B(形式錯(cuò)誤),C(hers只能單獨(dú)使用),故是錯(cuò)的。A邏輯不通,且使用不當(dāng),故正確答案只能是D2、名詞的所有格和雙重所有格
英語(yǔ)中除了人稱代詞,其他名詞沒(méi)有主格和賓格之分。表示一個(gè)名詞"的"時(shí),稱為所有格,即"的格".英語(yǔ)中"的格"一般用介詞"of"或名詞后加"""來(lái)表示,如:"學(xué)校的財(cái)產(chǎn)",原則上可以有兩種表達(dá)方式:thepropertyoftheschool或theschool"sproperty.但是若用此表達(dá)"魯迅的書(shū)"Luxun"sbook或abookofLuxun時(shí),便可能出現(xiàn)意義上的混淆,即,也可能是"一本關(guān)于魯迅的書(shū)".因此,若要表示"魯迅(擁有的)書(shū)"時(shí),要表達(dá)為abookofLuxun"s,稱為"雙重所有格",即"of"與"""同時(shí)使用。
雙重所有格除了以上用途外,還表示親切,如:afriendofmyfather"s比myfather"sfriend更顯親切。
解題思路:考試時(shí)如果你實(shí)在搞不清,應(yīng)傾向選擇有","的選項(xiàng),如:Mywifeboughtme______ata______shop.A.apieceofclothes/tailorsB.anewclothing/tailor
C.anarticleofclothing,tailor"sD.apieceofclothing,tailor"s
解題思路:這道題考兩個(gè)語(yǔ)法點(diǎn):?jiǎn)挝辉~和所有格。如果考生看不懂這個(gè)句子,一般應(yīng)在C、D中選擇,正確答案是C(一件衣服),"一塊布"用apieceofcloth3、反身代詞-self/-selves
1)反身代詞-self/-selves不能脫離其主格或賓格單獨(dú)使用,如不能說(shuō):Thebosswantedtohaveatalkwithherself.(老板想親自和她談?wù)劇?→Theboss(himself)wantedtohaveatalkwithherherself.實(shí)際使用中很少會(huì)這樣講話。
2)注意以下表達(dá)方式:
ofone"sown/tooneself如:Shewantstohavearoomofherown(toherself)(她想要一間屬于自己的房間。)
onone"sown如:Shewantstofinishitonherown.(她想獨(dú)立完成這項(xiàng)工作。)
byoneself,如:Shehasbeenlivingbyherselfforthreeyears.(她已單身生活了三年。)
以上講了許多關(guān)于名詞的數(shù)與格問(wèn)題,內(nèi)容似乎很多。但考試時(shí),此類題目只占1-2題,復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)不要花費(fèi)太多的時(shí)間。
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擴(kuò)展閱讀:博大考神201*年職稱英語(yǔ)考試綜合類A級(jí)閱讀理解試題分析
博大考神201*年職稱英語(yǔ)考試綜合類A級(jí)閱讀理解試題分析
收集:博大教育專家來(lái)源:-5496.html?page=3
第四部分:閱讀理解(第31~45題,每題3分,共45分)
下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,為每題確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。第一篇
DNAtesting
DNAtestingrevealsthegenesofeachindividualperson.Sincetheearlytwentiethcenturyscientistshaveknownthatallhumancharacteristicsarecontainedinaperson"sgenesandarepassedfromparentstochildren.Genesworkasachemicalinstructionmanualforeachpartandeachfunctionofthebody.TheirbasicchemicalelementiscalledDNA,acopyofwhichcanbefoundineverycell.TheexistenceofgenesandthechemicalstructureofDNAwereunderstoodbythemid-1900s,butscientistshaveonlyrecentlybeenabletoidentifyapersonfromjustadropofbloodorasinglehair.
OneofthemostimportantusesofDNAtestingisincriminalinvestigation.TheveryfirstuseofDNAtestinginacriminalcasewasin1985inGreatBritain,whenamanconfessedtokillingayoungwomanintheEnglishcountryside.Becausepolicehadfoundsamplesofthekiller"sDNAatthesceneofthecrime,abiologistsuggestedthatitmightbepossibletocomparethatDNAtosomefromtheconfessor"sblood.Toeveryone"ssurprise,thetestsshowedthathewasnotthekiller.Norwasheguiltyofasimilarmurderthathadhappenedsometimeearlier.Atthatpointheadmittedthathehadconfessedtothecrimesoutoffearandpolicepressure.Thepolicethenasked5,000localmenforsamplesoftheirblood,andDNAtestingrevealedthatoneofthemwastherealmurderer,sothefirstmanwassetfree.In1992,twolawprofessors,PeterNeufeldandBarryScheck,decidedtouseDNAevidencetohelpsetfreesuchmistakenlyconvictedprisoners.Withthehelpoftheirstudents,theycreatedanot-for-profitorganizationcalledtheInnocenceProject.Mostoftheirclientsarepoormen,manyfromracialandethnicminorities.Infact,studieshaveshownthatU.S.judgesandjuriesareofteninfluencedbyracialandethnicbackground,andthatpeoplefromminoritygroupsaremorelikelytobeconvicted.Someofthesemenhadbeensentencedtodeath,aformofpunishmentusedinthirtyeightstatesoutoffifty(asof201*)。Formostoftheseprisoners,theironlyhopewasanothertrialinwhichDNAtestingcouldbeusedtoprovetheirinnocence.Between1992and201*,theInnocenceProjecthelpedfree100men.Someoftheseprisonershadbeeninjailforten,twentyyearsormoreforcrimestheydidnotcommit.However,thegoaloftheInnocenceProjectisnotsimplytosetfreethosewhoarewrongfullyinjail.Theyalsohopetobringaboutrealchangesinthecriminaljusticesystem.
Illinoisinthelate1990s,agroupofjournalismstudentsatNorthwesternUniversitywereabletobringaboutsuchachangeinthatstate.TheybeganinvestigatingsomeIllinoisprisonerswhoclaimedtobeinnocent.ThroughDNAtesting,thestudentswereabletoprovethatinfacttheprisonerswerenotguiltyofthecrimestheyhadbeenaccusedof.Thirteenofthesemenweresetfree,andin201*,GovernorRyanofIllinoisdecidedtostopcarryingoutdeathsentencesuntilfurtherstudycouldbemadeoftheprisoners"cases.
TheuseofDNAincriminalcasesisstillbeingdebatedaroundtheworld.Somefearthatgovernmentswillonedaykeeprecordsofeveryone"sDNA,whichcouldputlimitsontheprivacyandfreedomofcitizens.OtherpeoplemistrustthescienceofDNAtestingandthinkthatlawyersuseittogettheirclientsfreewhetherornottheyareguilty.Butforthosewhoseinnocencehasbeenprovenandwhoarenowfreemen,DNAtestinghasmeantnothinglessthanareturntolife.AndwiththecarefuluseofDNAtesting,noinnocentpersonshouldeverbeconvictedagain.
31.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?
A.DNAtestinghaschangedtheAmericanlegalsystem.B.DNAtestinghashelpedinnocentmengofreeinIllinois.C.DNAtestingusesgeneticstoidentifyaperson.
D.DNAtestinghasplayedakeyroleincriminalinvestigation.【分析】這道題考查主旨大意,采用查讀、歸納法技巧。第一步:本題考查的是文章的主旨大意。其標(biāo)志為:mainidea。
第二步:閱讀每一段的首尾部分,重點(diǎn)是文章的第一段和最后一段,文章最后兩句說(shuō):Butforthosewhoseinnocencehasbeenprovenandwhoarenowfreeman,DNAtestinghasmeantnothinglessthanareturntolife.AndwiththecarefuluseofDNAtesting,noinnocentpersonshouldeverbeconvictedagain.這說(shuō)明,本文主要在講解DNA測(cè)試法在當(dāng)今犯罪偵查中扮演著重要的作用。本題答案為D選項(xiàng)。32.DNAtestingwasfirstusedinacriminalcasebyA.alawyerinNewYorkB.studentsinIllinoisC.doctorsintheUnitedStatesD.policeinGreatBritain【分析】這道題采用查讀法技巧。
第一步:劃出題干的信息詞:first,criminalcase。
第二步:信息詞回歸原文:theveryfirstuseofDNAtestinginacriminalcasewasin1985inGreatBritain.…becausepolicehadfoundsamplesofthekiller"sDNA…
第三步:對(duì)比題干選項(xiàng)和原文信息,原文明確給出了第一次被英國(guó)的警察使用。GreatBritain和police為關(guān)鍵信息詞,D選項(xiàng)表達(dá)的意思和原文一致,所以本題的答案選擇D選項(xiàng)。
33.TheinnocenceprojectusesDNAtestingtoA.setfreeinnocentprisoner
B.helpthepoliceputpeopleinprisonC.findoutwhichlawyerareincompetentD.provethatsuspectsareguilty【分析】這道題采用查讀法技巧。
第一步:劃出題干的信息詞:innocenceproject。
第二步:信息詞回歸原文:in1992,twolawprofessors,decidedtouseDNAevidencetohelpsetfreesuchmistakenlyconvictedprisoner.Theycreatedaorganizationcalledtheinnocenceproject.
第三步:對(duì)比題干選項(xiàng)和原文信息,原文說(shuō)的是setfreesuchmistakenlyconvictedprisoner.釋放被誤判的罪犯。原文當(dāng)中的mistakenlyconvicted和A選項(xiàng)中的innocent為同義改寫(xiě),既然是誤判的,那么說(shuō)這個(gè)人就是清白的,是innocent的。尤其可以確定本題答案為A選項(xiàng)。34.SomestudentsinNorthwesternUniversityA.provedsomeprisonerswerenotguilty
B.believedsomesuspectswerefromethnicgroups
C.toldthegovernorsofIllinoisnottofreetheprisonersD.showedDNAtestingwasnotalwaysreliable【分析】這道題采用查讀法技巧。
第一步:劃出題干的信息詞:NorthwesternUniversity。
第二步:信息詞回歸原文:Thestudents(atNorthwesternUniversity)provedthatinfacttheprisonerswerenotguiltyofthecrimetheyhadbeenaccusedof.
第三步:對(duì)比題干選項(xiàng)和原文信息,原文明確說(shuō)明了provedthatinfacttheprisonerswerenotguiltyofthecrime,這和選項(xiàng)中A選項(xiàng)基本一樣,屬于A-A的回歸。由此可以確定本題答案為A選項(xiàng)。
35.Whatistheauthor"sattitudetowardDNAtesting?A.NegativeB.PositiveC.SuspiciousD.Indifferent
【分析】這道題采用查讀法技巧。
第一步:這這道題問(wèn)的是作者的態(tài)度,從整篇文章來(lái)看,本文主要講了DNA測(cè)試在犯罪偵查當(dāng)中的積極作用,同時(shí)來(lái)舉了例子,比如NorthwesternUniversity的一些學(xué)生用DNA測(cè)試來(lái)證明了一個(gè)人的清白。既然是有效,積極的東西,當(dāng)然是應(yīng)該要支持的,選項(xiàng)中表示支持、贊成的詞為Positive。由此可以確定本題答案為B選項(xiàng)。
【綜合分析】:
【題型分析】31題為主旨大意題,32-34題為細(xì)節(jié)題,35題為作者態(tài)度題。【技巧分析】31題的主旨題,主要通過(guò)略讀,跳讀等技巧,重點(diǎn)尋找有幫助的句子,比如這道題目當(dāng)中,文章的最后兩句對(duì)于解題就非常有幫助。32題和34題為細(xì)節(jié)題,非常的簡(jiǎn)單,選項(xiàng)和原文幾乎是一樣的,屬于典型的A-A的回歸。33題有一定的難度,需要一點(diǎn)理解技巧,屬于比較簡(jiǎn)單的A-B的回歸。35題考查的是作者的態(tài)度,其中四個(gè)備選項(xiàng)的詞也是非常簡(jiǎn)單非常常見(jiàn)的。這道題目通過(guò)前面幾個(gè)題的做題也就可以判斷出來(lái)作者對(duì)于DNAtesting是贊同的,支持的。
【難度分析】31題可以放在最后面來(lái)做,先做32-34題這三個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)題。其中,32題,34題是簡(jiǎn)單題目,33題,35題是中等題目,31題由于考查的是主旨,所以比較難,屬于偏難題目。總體上看,這篇閱讀閱讀理解要得上9分是非常非常容易,如果有一定的技巧掌握,要得到12分,也是很容易的。第二篇
GoingHerOwnWay
Whenshewastwelve,Mariamadeherfirstimportantdecisionaboutthecourseofherlife.Shedecidedthatshewantedtocontinuehereducation,Mostgirlsfrommiddle-classfamilieschosetostayhomeafterprimaryschool,thoughsomeattendedprivateCatholic"finishing"schools.Theretheylearnedalittleaboutmusic,art,needlework,andhowtomakepoliteconversation.ThiswasnotthesortofeducationthatinterestedMaria-orhermother.Bythistime,shehadbeguntotakeherstudiesmoreseriously.Shereadconstantlyandbroughtherbookseverywhere.Onetimesheevenbroughthermathbooktothetheaterandtriedtostudyinthedark.Mariaknewthatshewantedtogoonlearninginaseriousway.Thatmeantattendingthepublichighschool,somethingthatveryfewgirlsdid.InItalyatthetime,thereweretwotypesofhighschools:the"classical"schoolsandthe"technical"schools.Intheclassicalschools,thestudentsfollowedaverytraditionalprogramofstudies,withcoursesinLatinandGreeklanguageandliterature,andItalianliteratureandhistory1.Thefewgirlswhocontinuedstudyingafterprimaryschoolusuallychosetheseschools.Maria,however,wantedtoattendatechnicalschool.Thetechnicalschoolsweremoremodemthantheclassicalschoolsandtheyofferedcoursesinmodernlanguages,mathematics,science,andaccounting2.Mostpeople-includingMaria"sfather-believedthatgirlswouldneverbeabletounderstandthesesubjects.Furthermore,theydidnotthinkitwasproperforgirlstostudythem.
Mariadidnotcareifitwasproperornot.Mathandsciencewerethesubjectsthatinterestedhermost.Butbeforeshecouldsignupforthetechnicalschool,shehadtowinherfather"sapproval.Shefinallydid,withhermother"shelp,thoughformanyyearsafter,therewastensioninthefamily.Maria"sfathercontinuedtoopposeherplans,whilehermotherhelpedher.In1883,atagethirteen,Mariaenteredthe"RegiaScuolaTecnicaMichelangeloBuonarroti"inRome.Herexperienceatthisschoolisdifficultforustoimagine.Thoughthecoursesincludedmodernsubjects,theteachingmethodswereverytraditional.Learningconsistedofmemorizinglonglistsoffactsandrepeatingthembacktotheteacher.Studentswerenotsupposedtoaskquestionsorthinkforthemselvesinanyway.Teacherswereverydemanding,disciplineintheclassroomwasstrict,andpunishmentwassevereforthosewhofailedtoachieveorweredisobedient.36.Mariawantedtoattend______.A.aprivate"finishing"schoolB.aschoolteachingLatinC.atechnicalhighschoolD.aschoolforartandmusic【分析】這道題采用查讀法。
第一步:題目信息是Maria,但是因?yàn)槲恼露际窃跀⑹鲇嘘P(guān)Maria的信息。所以這個(gè)特殊信息詞就不能作為有效信息詞。我們需要借助題干中的其他信息詞進(jìn)行回歸。題干信息是attend,題目意思是Maria想上什么樣的學(xué)校。
第二步:信息詞回歸原文。信息詞出現(xiàn)在第三段第一句:Maria,however,wantedtoattendatechnicalschool.
第三步:對(duì)比原文和題干選項(xiàng)信息。原文說(shuō)Maria想上的是technicalschool。選項(xiàng)中C選項(xiàng)的意思是符合原文意思的。本題目答案是C。37.Inthosedays,mostItaliangirls______.A.didnotgotoprimaryschoolB.didnotgotohighschoolC.wentto"finishing"schoolsD.wenttotechnicalschools【分析】這道題采用查讀法。
第一步:題目的信息詞是mostItaliangirls。第二步:信息詞回歸原文。信息詞回歸到第一段第三句:Mostgirlsfrommiddle-classfamilieschosetostayhomeafterprimaryschool,thoughsomeattendedprivateCatholic"finishing"schools.原文說(shuō)的是很多女孩chosetostayhome即不再去學(xué)校了。第二段第二句也進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明:Thatmeantattendingthepublichighschool,somethingthatveryfewgirlsdid.意思是這就意味著要要去讀highschool,這是很少女孩子做的?梢(jiàn)大部分的女孩子是不讀highschool的。
第三步:對(duì)比原文和題目選項(xiàng)信息。選項(xiàng)中B選項(xiàng)不選擇讀高中,與原文意思相符。本題目的答案是B。
38.Maria"sfatherprobably______.A.hadatraditionalviewsaboutwomenB.hadamodemviewaboutwomenC.hadnoopinionaboutwomen
D.thoughtwomencouldnotlearnLatin【分析】這道題采用查讀法。
第一步:題目信息詞是Maria"sfather。題目問(wèn)Maria的父親很可能如何?第二步:信息詞回歸原文。信息詞回歸到文章第三段最后一句:Most
people---includingMaria"sfather---believedthatgirlswouldneverbeabletounderstandthesesubjects.她的父親和其他大部分的人一樣,認(rèn)為女孩子應(yīng)該是永遠(yuǎn)不要去學(xué)那些學(xué)科,即工科學(xué)校的學(xué)科?梢(jiàn)她父親和其他人一樣,思想很傳統(tǒng)。
第三步:對(duì)比原文以及題干選項(xiàng)信息。原文說(shuō)他父親對(duì)于女性的看法很傳統(tǒng),選項(xiàng)A的意思是對(duì)女性的看法很傳統(tǒng),符合原文意思。本題目的答案是A。39.HighschoolteachersinItalyinthosedayswerevery______.A.flexibleB.strictC.intelligentD.kind
【分析】這道題采用查讀法。第一步:題目的信息詞是Highschoolteachers。
第二步:信息詞回歸原文。本題目信息詞回歸到原文最后一段最后一句:
Teacherswereverydemanding,disciplineintheclassroomwasstrict,andpunishmentwassevereforthosewhofailedtoachieveorweredisobedient.原文中對(duì)老師的評(píng)價(jià)的詞有demanding,并且紀(jì)律很strict嚴(yán)格,對(duì)于不合格和違規(guī)的學(xué)生的懲罰也很嚴(yán)厲(punishmentwassevere)?梢(jiàn)老師是很嚴(yán)格的。第三步:對(duì)比原文和題目選項(xiàng)意思。通過(guò)原文的描述我們知道學(xué)校的老師是很嚴(yán)格的。選項(xiàng)B的strict也出現(xiàn)在原文中,符合原文意思。本題目的答案是B。40.WecaninferfromthispassagethatA.Maria"sparentslikedherpersonalityB.Maria"smotherpaidforhereducationC.Mariawasagirlofstrongwill
D.Mariagaveinunderherfather"spressure.【分析】這道題采用查讀法。
第一步:這道題是一道推斷題,考查的是對(duì)于整個(gè)文章的了解,通過(guò)前面幾個(gè)題目,記憶對(duì)于文章的了解,我們可以知道文中的Maria是一個(gè)意志力很強(qiáng)的人,標(biāo)題也說(shuō)了GoingHerOwnWay,要走自己的路,不走父母安排好的路,那么這也說(shuō)明這個(gè)女孩意志力非常堅(jiān)強(qiáng)(strongwill),由此可以確定本題答案為C選項(xiàng)!揪C合分析】:
【題型分析】本篇文章的題目中,36題-39題均為細(xì)節(jié)題,40題為推斷題。【技巧分析】36-40題都是使用查讀法來(lái)解題的,其中40題需要一定的對(duì)與文章的了解。但是由于本篇文章是押中的題目,所以知道文章的主人公是一個(gè)意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的人也是很自然的,加上對(duì)于文章標(biāo)題的理解,也可以選出答案。還是使用查讀法,只不過(guò)多了一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)的總結(jié)和分析要求。36題-39題只需要對(duì)于沖刺升級(jí)包"預(yù)測(cè)點(diǎn)題閱讀理解一"這一課有所學(xué)習(xí),有適當(dāng)?shù)膹?fù)習(xí)和記憶,這四個(gè)題目都是完全沒(méi)有問(wèn)題的。
【難度分析】這篇文章是沖刺升級(jí)包課程中押中的文章,所以真題難度偏小,除了課程當(dāng)中的第三題改成了這里的第五題,其他四個(gè)題目都沒(méi)有修改考點(diǎn)。只對(duì)干擾項(xiàng)進(jìn)行了一點(diǎn)改寫(xiě),但是并沒(méi)有改寫(xiě)正確答案的含義,只要記住了知識(shí)點(diǎn)助記,這4個(gè)題目是可以拿到12分的。對(duì)于最后一個(gè)題目,如果對(duì)文章內(nèi)容比較熟悉,對(duì)于標(biāo)題能夠進(jìn)行一定的理解,也是可以拿分的?傮w上來(lái)看,這篇文章的題目,是絕對(duì)可以拿到12以上,加上一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)的記憶,是可以拿到滿分15分的。第三篇
GrossNationalHappiness
Inthelastcentury,newtechnologyimprovedthelivesofmanypeopleinmanycountries.However,onecountryresistedthesechanges.HighintheHimalayanmountainsofAsia,thekingdomofBhutanremainedseparate.ItspeopleandBuddhist(佛教)culturehadnotbeenaffectedforalmostathousandyears.Bhutan,however,wasapoorcountry.Peoplediedatayoungage.Mostofitspeoplecouldnotread,andtheydidnotknowmuchabouttheoutsideworld.Then,in1972,anewrulernamedKingJigmeSingyeWangchuckdecidedtohelpBhutantobecomemodern,butwithoutlosingitstraditions.KingWangchucklookedatothercountriesforideas.HesawthatmostcountriesmeasuredtheirprogressbytheirGrossNatonalProduct(GNP)。TheGNPmeasuresproductsandmoney.Whenthenumberofproductssoldincreases,peoplesaythecountryismakingprogress.KingWangchuckhadadifferentideaforBhutan.Hewantedtomeasurehiscountry"sprogressbypeople"shappiness.Ifthepeople"shappinessincreased,thekingcouldsaythatBhutanwasmakingprogress.Todecideifpeoplewerehappier,hecreatedameasurecalledGrossNationalHappiness(GNH)。
GNHisbasedoncertainprinciplesthatcreatehappiness.Peoplearehappieriftheyhavehealthcare,education,andjobs.Theyarehappierwhentheyliveinahealthy,protectedenvironment.Theyarehappierwhentheycankeeptheirtraditionalcultureandcustoms.Finally,peoplearehappierwhentheyhaveagood,stablegovernment.
NowtheseissomeevidenceofincreasedGNHinBhutan.Peoplearehealthierandarelivinglonger.Morepeopleareeducatedandemployed.Teenty-fivepercentofthelandhasbecomenationalparks,andthecountryhasalmostnopollution.TheBhutanesecontinuetoweartheirtraditionalclothingandfollowtheirancientBuddhistcustoms.Bhutanhasalsobecomeademocracy.In201*,KingWangchuckgavehispowertohisson.Althoughthecountrystillhadaking,ithelditsfirstdemocraticelectionsthatyear.Bhutanhadpoliticalpartiesandpoliticalcandidatesforthefirsttime.Finally,Bhutanhasconnectedtotherestoftheworldthroughtelevisionandinternet.Bhutanisasymbolforsocialprogress.ManycountriesarenowinterestedinBhutan"sGNH.Thesecountriesareinvestigatingtheirownwaystomeasurehappiness.Theywanttocreatenewpoliciesthattakecareoftheirpeople,cultures,andland.
BrazilmaybethenestcountrytousetheprinciplesofGNH.BrazilianleadersseetheprinciplesofGNHasasourceofinspiration.Brazilisalargecountrywithadiversepopulation.IfhappinessworksasameasureofprogressinBrazil,perhapstherestoftheworldwillfollow.41.WhowasJigmeSingyeWangchuck?A.Apresident.B.ABuddhistpriest.C.Ageneral.D.Aking.
【分析】這道題采用查讀法技巧。
第一步:本題采用查讀法,我們首先找到題干的信息詞為:JigmeSingyeWangchuck。題干問(wèn)的是:JigmeSingyeWangchuck是誰(shuí)?
第二步:我們接下來(lái)將信息詞回歸到原文中的第一段最后一句:Then,in1972,anewrulernamedKingJigmeSingyeWangchuckdecidedtohelpBhutantobecomemodern,butwithoutlosingitstraditions.
第三步:我們最后對(duì)比信息和選項(xiàng),選項(xiàng)A的king直接出現(xiàn)在原文中(anewrulernamedKingJigmeSingyeWangchuck),所以本題的正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。42.ApartfrommodernizingBhutan,whatelsedidWangchuckwanttodoforBhutan?
A.Tomakeitspopulationgrow.B.Tokeepitseparatefromtheworld.C.Toencourageitspeopletogetrich.D.Tokeepitstraditionandcustoms.【分析】這道題采用查讀法技巧。
第一步:本題采用查讀法,我們首先找到題干的信息詞為:moderizingBhutan,moderizingBhutan。題干問(wèn)的是:除了moderizingBhutan,Wangchuck還想forBhutan做什么?
第二步:根據(jù)信息詞及順序出題原則,我們接下來(lái)將信息詞回歸到原文中的第一段最后一句:Then,in1972,anewrulernamedKingJigmeSingyeWangchuckdecidedtohelpBhutantobecomemodern,butwithoutlosingitstraditions.原文說(shuō)的是Wangchuck決定幫助Bhutan變得modern,但是又不失傳統(tǒng)(withoutlosingitstraditions)。即:除了變得modern,還想保持傳統(tǒng)。
第三步:我們最后對(duì)比信息和選項(xiàng),選項(xiàng)D的keepitstraditionand
customs(保持傳統(tǒng)和風(fēng)俗)于原文是一致的,所以本題的正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。本題的解題重點(diǎn)是關(guān)于withoutlosingitstraditions和withoutlosingitstraditions的同義轉(zhuǎn)換。
43.AcountryshowsitsprogresswithGNPbyA.sellingmoreproducts.B.spendingmoremoney.C.spendinglessmoney.D.providingmorejobs.【分析】這道題采用查讀法技巧。
第一步:本題采用查讀法,我們首先找到題干的信息詞為:progresswithGNP。題干問(wèn)的是:國(guó)家通過(guò)____來(lái)顯示GNP的增長(zhǎng)?
第二步:根據(jù)信息詞及順序出題原則,我們接下來(lái)將信息詞回歸到原文中的第二段前半部分:KingWangchucklookedatothercountriesforideas.HesawthatmostcountriesmeasuredtheirprogressbytheirGrossNatonalProduct(GNP)。TheGNPmeasuresproductsandmoney.Whenthenumberofproductssoldincreasespeoplesaythecountryismakingprogress.原文說(shuō)的是當(dāng)賣的產(chǎn)品數(shù)量增加了(thenumberofproductssoldincreases),國(guó)家就在makingprogress。第三步:我們最后對(duì)比信息和選項(xiàng),選項(xiàng)A的sellingmoreproducts表示的賣掉更多的產(chǎn)品,和原文的thenumberofproductssoldincreases是同義改寫(xiě),其中sell是動(dòng)詞形式的"賣",而sale是名詞形式的"賣",所以本題的正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。本題的解題重點(diǎn)是關(guān)于題干和原文的同義改寫(xiě)。44.AccordingtoGNH,peoplearehappieriftheyA.havenewtecnology.B.canchangetheirreligion.C.haveagood,stablegovernment.D.havemoremoney.
【分析】這道題采用查讀法技巧。第一步:本題采用查讀法,我們首先找到題干的信息詞為:happier。題干問(wèn)的是:根據(jù)GNP,如果____人們就更幸福。
第二步:根據(jù)信息詞及順序出題原則,我們接下來(lái)將信息詞回歸到原文中的第三段:Peoplearehappieriftheyhavehealthcare,education,andjobs.Theyarehappierwhentheyliveinahealthy,protectedenvironment.Theyarehappierwhentheycankeeptheirtraditionalcultureandcustoms.Finally,peoplearehappierwhentheyhaveagood,stablegovernment.
第三步:我們最后對(duì)比信息和選項(xiàng),選項(xiàng)A的sellingmoreproducts表示的賣掉更多的產(chǎn)品,和原文的thenumberofproductssoldincreases是同義改寫(xiě),其中sell是動(dòng)詞形式的"賣",而sale是名詞形式的"賣",所以本題的正確答案為A選項(xiàng)。本題的解題重點(diǎn)是關(guān)于題干和原文的同義改寫(xiě)。45.Today,manycountriesare
A.usingtheprinciplesofGNHtomeasuretheirprogress.B.wokingtogethertodevelopacommonscaletomeasureGNH.C.takingbothBhutanandBrazilassymbolsforsocialprogress.D.tryingtofindtheirownwaystomeasurehappiness.【分析】這道題采用查讀法技巧。
第一步:本題采用查讀法,我們首先找到題干的信息詞為:Today,manycountries。題干問(wèn)的是:今天,許多國(guó)家____。
第二步:根據(jù)信息詞及順序出題原則,我們接下來(lái)將信息詞回歸到原文中的后半部分,尤其是倒數(shù)第二段:ManycountriesarenowinterestedinBhutan"sGNH.Thesecountriesareinvestigatingtheirownwaystomeasurehappiness.Theywanttocreatenewpoliciesthattakecareoftheirpeople,cultures,andland.
第三步:我們最后對(duì)比信息和選項(xiàng),選項(xiàng)D的tryingtofindtheirownwaystomeasurehappiness出現(xiàn)在原文中,所以本題的正確答案為D選項(xiàng)。本題的解題重點(diǎn)是利用順序出題原則來(lái)進(jìn)行回歸!揪C合分析】:
【題型分析】41-45題都是屬于細(xì)節(jié)題。
【技巧分析】本篇5個(gè)題目都是使用查讀法來(lái)解題的,多數(shù)都是A-A回歸方式,有個(gè)別A-A"的回歸,都是屬于非常簡(jiǎn)單的題目,只要掌握的查讀法,便可以很好的運(yùn)用技巧來(lái)解題!倦y度分析】本篇閱讀理解利用技巧可以獲得至少12,且這,12于純屬的送分題。只有42題稍稍需要一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)分析,對(duì)比之后得出答案并不困難。這道題其實(shí)稍稍用一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)時(shí)間,做對(duì)也是很容易的。整體里說(shuō),這篇文章運(yùn)用技巧非常容易,基本上就是一篇送分的閱讀理解題目。
第五部分:補(bǔ)全短文(第46~50題,每題2分,共10分)
下面的短文有5處空白,短文后有6個(gè)句子,其中5個(gè)取自短文,請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分別放回原有位置,以恢復(fù)文章面貌。TheMysteriesofNazca
InthedesertofPeru,300kilometersfromLima,oneofthemostunusualartworksintheworldhasmystified(迷惑)peoplefordecades.(46)Butfromhighabove,thesemarksarehugeimagesofbirds,fish,seashells,allbeautifullycarvedintotheearth.
TheNazcalinesaresodifficulttoseefromthegroundthattheyweren"tdiscovereduntilthe1930s,whenpilotsspottedthemwhileflyingoverthearea.Inall,thereareabout70differenthumanandanimalfiguresontheplain,alongwith900triangles,circles,andlines.
Researchershavefiguredoutthatthelinesareatleast1,500yearsold,buttheirpurposeisstillamystery.(47)However,itwouldprobablybeverytrickytolandaspaceshipinthemiddleofpicturesofdogsandmonkeys.Inthe1940s,anAmericanexplorernamedPaulKosoksuggestedthatthedrawingsareachronicle(記錄)ofthemovementofthestarsandplanets.(48)later,anastronomertestedhistheorywithacomputer,buthecouldn"tfindanyrelationbetweenthelinesandmovementsinspace.
Anotherexplanationisthatthelinesmayhavebeenmadeforreligiousreasons.BritishresearcherTonyMorrisoninvestigatedthecustomsofpeopleintheAndesMountainandlearnedthattheysometimespraybythesideoftheroad.It"spossiblethatinthepast,thelinesofNazcawerecreatedforasimilarpurpose.(49)Butthelocalpeoplehaveneverconstructedanythingthisbig.
Recently,twootherscientists,DavidJohnsonandSteveMabee,havespeculatedthatlinescouldhavebeenrelatedtowater.Nazcaisoneofthedriestplacesintheworldandreceivesonly2cmofraineveryyear.WhileJohnsonwassearchingforancientwatersourcesinthearea,henoticedthatsomewaterwaysbuiltancientpeoplewereconnectedwiththelines.JohnsonbelievesthattheNazcalinesareagiantmapoftheundergroundwaterinthearea.(50)46.()
A.Otherscientistsarenowsearchingforevidencetoprovethis.B.ASwisswriternamedErichVonDanikenwrotethattheNazcalinesweredesignedasalandingplaceforUFOs.
C.Scholarsdifferininterpretingthepurposeofthedesigns.D.Thelargestpicturesmayhavebeenthesitesforspecialceremonies.E.Seenfromtheground,itlookslikelinesscratchedintotheearth.F.HecalledNazca"thelargestastronomybookintheworld".【分析】這道題使用指代法。
解題思路:It指代空格上文中的:oneofthemostunusualartworks。答案為E選項(xiàng)。47.()
A.Otherscientistsarenowsearchingforevidencetoprovethis.B.ASwisswriternamedErichVonDanikenwrotethattheNazcalinesweredesignedasalandingplaceforUFOs.
C.Scholarsdifferininterpretingthepurposeofthedesigns.D.Thelargestpicturesmayhavebeenthesitesforspecialceremonies.E.Seenfromtheground,itlookslikelinesscratchedintotheearth.F.HecalledNazca"thelargestastronomybookintheworld".【分析】這道題使用瞻前顧后法。
解題思路:theNazcalines回應(yīng)空格上文中的lines;UFOs呼應(yīng)空格下文中的spaceship。答案為B選項(xiàng)。48.()
A.Otherscientistsarenowsearchingforevidencetoprovethis.B.ASwisswriternamedErichVonDanikenwrotethattheNazcalinesweredesignedasalandingplaceforUFOs.C.Scholarsdifferininterpretingthepurposeofthedesigns.D.Thelargestpicturesmayhavebeenthesitesforspecialceremonies.E.Seenfromtheground,itlookslikelinesscratchedintotheearth.F.HecalledNazca"thelargestastronomybookintheworld".【分析】這道題使用瞻前法。
博大考神解題思路:He回指空格上文中的anAmericanexplorerPaul;Astronomy回應(yīng)空格上文中的stars,planets。答案為F選項(xiàng)。49.()
A.Otherscientistsarenowsearchingforevidencetoprovethis.B.ASwisswriternamedErichVonDanikenwrotethattheNazcalinesweredesignedasalandingplaceforUFOs.
C.Scholarsdifferininterpretingthepurposeofthedesigns.D.Thelargestpicturesmayhavebeenthesitesforspecialceremonies.E.Seenfromtheground,itlookslikelinesscratchedintotheearth.F.HecalledNazca"thelargestastronomybookintheworld".【分析】這道題使用瞻前顧后法。
解題思路:largest與空格下文中的big呼應(yīng);Ceremonies與空格上文中的religiousreasons呼應(yīng)。答案為D選項(xiàng)。50.()
A.Otherscientistsarenowsearchingforevidencetoprovethis.B.ASwisswriternamedErichVonDanikenwrotethattheNazcalinesweredesignedasalandingplaceforUFOs.
C.Scholarsdifferininterpretingthepurposeofthedesigns.D.Thelargestpicturesmayhavebeenthesitesforspecialceremonies.E.Seenfromtheground,itlookslikelinesscratchedintotheearth.F.HecalledNazca"thelargestastronomybookintheworld".【分析】這道題使用瞻前法。
解題思路:otherscientists與空格上文中的twoscientists呼應(yīng)。答案選擇A選項(xiàng)。【綜合分析】:
【題型分析】46-49題都是屬于在段落重點(diǎn)挖空的題目,50題屬于在段落末尾,也就是考查段落最后一句的題目。
【技巧分析】46題采用指代法,理清楚it指代哪個(gè)部分的內(nèi)容就可以得分。47題、49題采用的是瞻前顧后法,也就是既可以看前面解題,也可以看后面輔助解題。48題、50題采用的是瞻前法,其中50題本身也是考查的段落最后一個(gè)句子,所以也只能使用瞻前法解題。
【難度分析】這篇補(bǔ)全短文當(dāng)中,46題是可以輕松得分的,因?yàn)橹灰闱宄㱮t指代,就可以得出答案了。其次,47題、49題信息量較大,屬于中等題目,需要一定的技巧。48題有一個(gè)he提示,同樣可以得出答案,也屬于中等題目。比較難的也就是50題了?傮w來(lái)看,這篇補(bǔ)全得到4-6分是比較容易的。第六部分:完形填空(第52~65題,每題1分,共15分)
下面的短文有15處空白,請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容為每處空白確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。TheOldGate
IntheMiddleAgesthevastmajorityofEuropeancitieshadwallsaroundthem.Thiswaspartlyfor51defensive(變化)reasonsbutanotherfactorwastheneedtokeepoutanyoneregardedasundesirable,likepeoplewithcontagious52diseases.TheOldCityofLondongateswereall53demolishedbytheendofthe18thcentury.ThelastofLondon"sgateswasremovedacenturyago,54but(變化)byastokeofluck,itwasneverdestroyed.Thisgateis,in55actualfact,notcalledagateatall;itsnameisTempleBar,anditmarkedthe56border(換詞了,原文boundary)betweentheOldCityofLondonandWestminster.In1878theCouncilofLondontooktheBar57down(變化),numberedthestonesandputthegateinstorage58because(變化)itsdesignwasunfashionableitwasexpensiveto59maintainanditwasblockingthetraffic.
TheTempleBarTrustwassetupinthe1970"swiththe60intention(變化)ofreturningthegatehome.Theaimofthetrustisthe61preservationofthenation"sarchitecturalheritage.Transportingthegatewill62mean(變化)physicallypullingitdown,stonebystone,removingandrebuildingitnearStPaul"sCathedral.Mostofthefacadeofthegatewillprobablybe63replaced,thoughthereisagood64chancethatthebasicstructurewillbesound.Thehardest65jobofall,however,willbetorecreatethestatuesofthemonarchsthatoncestoodontopofthegate.51.()A.sensitiveB.defensiveC.offensiveD.primitive52.()A.diseasesB.injuriesC.symptomsD.colds53.()A.devotedB.declaredC.decreasedD.demolished54.()A.forB.orC.butD.none55.()A.realB.actualC.usualD.current56.()A.paresB.limitC.linesD.borders57.()A.alongB.downC.upD.away58.()A.whileB.whereC.thatD.because59.()A.discoverB.repairC.fixD.maintain60.()A.opinionB.projectC.intentionD.design61.()A.conversionB.preservationC.reservationD.registration62.()A.meanB.stopC.keepD.continue63.()A.storedB.exchangeC.replacedD.recognized64.()A.chanceB.fateC.lessonD.idea65.()A.caseB.voiceC.jobD.type【綜合分析】:
1.本篇為押中文章,基礎(chǔ)押中的題目為8個(gè),8分。換了7個(gè)空,押中了1個(gè)空(60題),可以穩(wěn)拿的是9分。
2.在13.0中的位置:預(yù)測(cè)點(diǎn)題第四課,講解+講義+課后練習(xí),同時(shí)圖書(shū)館中也放有此資料。
3.通過(guò)技巧可以得到的分?jǐn)?shù):2分(56題和57題),通過(guò)查詞典,可以知道border和boundary為同義詞。此外,考查了tookdown,通過(guò)查詞典,可以知道tookdown為"記下"的意思。
4.通過(guò)了解文章邏輯關(guān)系可以得分的為:54題和58題,分別考查了邏輯關(guān)系but和because。
5.其他題目得分技巧:在文章背景分析知識(shí)點(diǎn)助記當(dāng)中,列出了這些變化考點(diǎn)的中文意思,如果對(duì)于文章翻譯有所熟悉的話,這個(gè)得分也是會(huì)比較容易的。6.近兩年完形填空題換空的情況很多,所以升級(jí)包中講述完形填空解題技巧的時(shí)候,還會(huì)總結(jié)歸納換空規(guī)律,幫助學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)潛在換空考點(diǎn)。學(xué)生在平時(shí)復(fù)習(xí)中注意多了解文章的意思,選項(xiàng)的意思,注意潛在的考點(diǎn),準(zhǔn)備充分了,做起題來(lái)也不會(huì)很困難的。
所以本篇文章能拿到的總分為:13分左右。
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